16 January 2026, Volume 219 Issue 1

    

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  A Study on the Cultural Genes Embedded in the United Front in the New Era

  Research Group of Fujian Institute of Socialism

  Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism. 2026, 219(1): 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1672-0911.2026.01.001

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  General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important thoughts on effectively carrying out the Party’s united front work in the new era not only provide a scientific summary of the century-long practical experience of the united front under the leadership of the Party but also represent an inheritance and development of the Marxist theory on the united front, vividly demonstrating the profound depth of fine traditional Chinese culture. Among them, the theories on the essence, core, framework, and governing laws of united front work are a profound embodiment of the civilizational patterns characterized by “benevolence, virtue, harmony, and compliance”, “the doctrine of the mean”, and “unity in diversity”, and they are also imbued with the distinct genes of fine traditional Chinese culture, exemplified by the principle of “investigating things to acquire knowledge”. From the perspective of cultural heritage, a deep study and comprehension of Xi Jinping’s important thoughts on effectively carrying out the Party’ s united front work in the new era, coupled with drawing wisdom from fine traditional Chinese culture, holds immense theoretical and practical value for advancing the Party’s united front work in the new era.
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  The Internal Logic and Implementation Pathways of Accelerating Agricultural and Rural Modernization in China

  GAO Fan

  Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism. 2026, 219(1): 18-32. https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1672-0911.2026.01.018

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  Accelerating agricultural and rural modernization is of great significance for steadily advancing the construction of a modernized nation, as it profoundly shapes both the overall trajectory and the quality of Chinese modernization. This paper systematically elaborates the internal logic and implementation pathways for accelerating agricultural and rural modernization in China during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period and a longer subsequent timeframe. It emphasizes that Marxist political economy and related economic theories, providing essential theoretical resources for advancing agricultural and rural development in China; that the significant achievements and the regularities gained in this field since the founding of the People’s Republic of China constitute the historical logic for accelerating agricultural and rural modernization; and that, against the backdrop of the convergence of the “two overall situations”, China’s strategic goals, development environment, changes in the principal social contradictions, and shifts in the structure of residents’ needs together provide the practical logic for accelerating agricultural and rural modernization. On the new journey of development, in accelerating agricultural and rural modernization, China must adhere to a practice-oriented, development-oriented, and problem-oriented approach, and across multiple dimensions, including factor mobility, technological progress, organizational innovation, industrial integration, spatial reconstruction, and institutional improvement, thereby establishing an effective implementation pathway for agricultural and rural modernization.
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  Theoretical Origins of Culture-Empowered Urban Renewal and China’s Experience

  LIU Shilin

  Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism. 2026, 219(1): 33-46. https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1672-0911.2026.01.033

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  Urban renewal encompasses not only the transformation and governance of the physical entity and spatial form of cities, but also the reconstruction and innovation of economic and social structures and spiritual and cultural life. Due to varying social contexts and developmental stages, urban renewal in different countries exhibits marked variations in policy formulation, institutional arrangements, and pathway designs. Defining urban renewal as a living organism can both addresses the contradictions inherent in the Western “dichotomy” approach to urban renewal and help strengthen and enrich the cultural foundations and philosophical dimensions of urban renewal in Chinese traditions. “Material renewal” and “humanistic renewal” are not diametrically opposed; each possesses its own historical rationality, and together they form an interactive and symbiotic organic relationship. In response to higher demands for improving the quality of urbanization and urban living standards, China’s urban renewal has undergone a transition from “material renewal” to “humanistic renewal”. Future endeavors must prioritize the enrichment of cultural connotations and economic functions, which requires not only a deeper integration of spatial governance with cultural urban development but also the cultivation of valuable spatial resources into vibrant hubs for entrepreneurship and shared prosperity, thereby promoting harmony between the productive and service functions of cities, as well as between material renewal and humanistic renewal.
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  China’s Approach to Reshaping the Global Artificial Intelligence Industry Ecosystem

  WEI Jigang, ZHONG Xinlong

  Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism. 2026, 219(1): 47-61. https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1672-0911.2026.01.047

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  Amid the new wave of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as the “core battlefield” of competition among major powers. The United States is seeking to build an AI hegemony system through a multi-pronged strategy of “deregulation, massive investment, and technological blockade”, in an attempt to secure absolute global dominance in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Faced with the U.S. strategy of escalating containment from “decoupling” to comprehensive “disengagement”, China must abandon the traditional path of “following and imitating”, adopt an asymmetric competition strategy, and construct a “self-centered” AI industrial ecosystem. Currently, China has formed the world’s second-largest industrial-scale cluster, holding leading positions in cutting-edge fields such as embodied intelligence, low-altitude economy, and autonomous driving. It possesses two unique advantages: a super-sized market and a comprehensive industrial system. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including limitations in core technologies and a vulnerable industrial ecosystem. It is therefore recommended to accelerate the establishment of a globally leading AI industrial ecosystem by building a fully integrated social system encompassing intelligent production, intelligent circulation, and intelligent consumption, thereby unleashing the advantages of market scale; to implement a systematic strategy integrating hard-core technologies, resilient architectures, and diversified pathways to forge highly reliable industrial and supply chains; to build highlands for application scenarios and optimize regional layouts, using scenario-based innovation to drive technological iteration; and to improve the industrial environment and foster an open framework that balances innovation-driven development with security governance, so as to gain the initiative in global competition.
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  Pathways for Constructing China’s International Communication Strategy Community

  CHEN Hong, ZHENG Guangjia

  Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism. 2026, 219(1): 62-75. https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1672-0911.2026.01.062

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  China’s International Communication Strategy Community is a cross-entity collaborative system oriented toward enhancing global governance participation. In the face of the profound reconstruction of the global information ecosystem, China’s international communication needs to enhance synergistic efficiency between shaping international agendas and deploying strategic communication initiatives. Currently, insufficient collaboration among cross-sphere communication entities, relatively weak agenda-setting capabilities, and inadequate integration of intelligent communication technologies have emerged as critical bottlenecks limiting the enhancement of the effectiveness of international communication. The construction of an international communication strategy community centers on shared values and follows a pathway of strategic collaboration. By integrating four key modules: cross-entity collaboration, precise and efficient channel collaboration, dynamically adaptive content collaboration, and goal-oriented evaluation and feedback, an international communication system is established, which will transform China’s international communication capability into a driving force for enhancing its participation in global governance.
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  Party Cooperation and National Capacity Development: A Comparative Study of India and Nigeria

  WANG Min, HAO Shinan

  Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism. 2026, 219(1): 101-115. https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1672-0911.2026.01.101

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  All societies attempting to achieve modernization and engage in modern state-building inevitably give rise to political parties. Simultaneously, the realization of democratic politics relies on suitable political party systems. A multi-party system, as the optimal choice for most transitional political regimes, can adapt to societies with complex interest demands. However, in developing countries with prominent ethnic and religious issues, the mediating function of multiparty system is often inconsistent. By introducing the theory of institutional path dependence to conduct a comparative study of party systems, party cooperation, and the strength of state capacity in India and Nigeria it is found that the institutionalization of party cooperation in India and Nigeria is the key variable explaining the differences in the strength of state capacity between the two countries. In short, party cooperation in developing countries has a decisive influence on the national development and the strength of state capacity.
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  Mental Boundaries and Governance Domains: Rights and Regulations in the Era of Brain-Computer Interfaces

  HE Jing

  Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism. 2026, 219(1): 116-131. https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1672-0911.2026.01.116

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  By converting neural signals from the brain into commands capable of controlling external devices, brain-computer interface (BCI) technology enables humans to translate thought into action. When the realization of an intentions and the generation of action no longer rely entirely on the perception-action loop of the body, but instead emerge collaboratively within a dynamic coupling system composed of both bodily structures and technological systems, critical questions arise: Can the mind still be bounded by the body? What should be the object of governance, and where should interventions occur? Exploring these questions not only responds to core concerns in philosophy of mind, philosophy of action, and philosophy of artificial intelligence but also addresses the urgent necessity for establishing an integrated governance logic of “reason-value-responsibility”. Insights from phenomenology regarding body image and body schema help reveal the extent to which and the manner in which BCI technology reconstructs the embodied foundation of the agent. Governance in the era of BCIs should not rely on abstract declarations of rights or post-event accountability. Instead, it should take the reconstruction of the agent’s embodiment as a premise, reconsidering the responsible agents, the scope of rules, and the domains of governance. Only by anchoring governance within the dynamic generative structure of the agent’s mind and actions can the reasons for action be justified, and norms gain explanatory power and binding force in practice.
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  Enactment, Then Obsolescence?: The “Thrilling Leap” of Artificial Intelligence Legislation

  CHEN Jidong

  Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism. 2026, 219(1): 132-145. https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1672-0911.2026.01.132

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  The regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) is not merely a technical legislative issue. The attributes and influencing factors of AI law, along with the design of its institutional and regulatory frameworks, constitute the core challenges in AI legislation. Within academic circles, debates on AI legislation have coalesced around three distinct schools of thought: the “unificationists”, the “gradualists”, and the “moderates”. AI legislation should seek the linkage point between real-life practices and rule design. Under the legal 3.0 technocratic philosophy, it should reflect on the phenomenon of “enactment then obsolescence” in AI legislation and consider the limits of transitioning from rights to regulation, taking into account technological and judicial impacts. Against the backdrop where risk and its assessment form the foundation of AI regulation, meaningless formal debates should be avoided. Instead, substantial issues in AI legislation should be examined from perspectives such as the design and application scope of precautionary principles, the development of controlled innovation infrastructure and deliberative procedures, and the construction of regulatory space.
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  Algorithmic Power and Its Ethical Regulation: From the Perspective of Algorithmic Decision-Making Ethics

  HUANG Suzhen

  Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism. 2026, 219(1): 146-163. https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1672-0911.2026.01.146

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  The large-scale application of contemporary algorithm-driven artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the domains of social governance, public life, and private life has significantly expanded human capacity to control material objects, greatly improved the efficiency of public governance, enhanced material well-being in people’s lives, and reshaped their perceptions, cognitive frameworks, and behavioral attitudes toward public life. However, due to its technical characteristics, and the diverse forms of risks arising from algorithmic technologies, including security and ethical risks, intelligent algorithmic systems have transcended their narrow mechanical functions and instrumentalist nature, increasingly evolving into a constitutive and pervasive form of power, often referred to as “algorithmic power” which influences and even permeates social governance organizations, public life, and private life through intelligent technologies. This new form of power, built on the technological foundation of automated algorithmic decision-making systems and combined with other power mechanisms, embeds deeply into social structures and exerts a profound influence on social governance, public interactions, and individual spiritual life. In the formation of various manifestations of algorithmic power, the widespread application of algorithmic decision-making systems in the embedded human-machine interface poses entirely new challenges to the ways of thinking and coping of traditional applied ethics, and has created pressing issues that require ethical reflection and regulation. The ethics of algorithmic decision-making for algorithmic power hence carries two important tasks: conceptually defining algorithmic power, reflecting on the ethicality and public nature of algorithmic decision-making, and clarifying its characteristics; and formulating and defending an ethical framework for governance of algorithmic power, determining the moral boundaries for the application of algorithmic decision-making systems, and providing a moral impetus for algorithmic governance through ethical regulation and guidance.
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  The Practice and Strategy of Political Alliances in the Three Kingdoms Period

  YIN Xiaohu

  Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism. 2026, 219(1): 164-180. https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1672-0911.2026.01.164

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  Political alliances formed by different political forces due to shared interests, have existed throughout political practice from ancient times to the present. During the Three Kingdoms period, various political forces employed strategies and methods of forming political alliances to varying degrees to achieve their respective goals. In terms of typology, political alliances during the Three Kingdoms period can be divided into external and internal political alliances. Major external alliances of this era included the coalition against Dong Zhuo, the Sun-Liu alliance, and the Sun-Cao alliance, among which, the Sun-Liu alliance stood out as the most classic, longest-lasting, and most influential of that period. Internal political alliances, on the other hand, primarily refer to those formed and implemented within the territories under the control of the Cao Wei, Shu Han, and Eastern Wu regimes during their establishment and development, with the aim of maintaining and consolidating political power. The internal political alliances of the Three Kingdoms period were largely focused on talent management. Various strategies were adopted to attract and utilize talent, such as Cao Wei’s policy of appointing people based solely on their ability, Shu Han’s approach of Shu people governing Shu, and Eastern Wu’s inclusive philosophy of embracing talents from all quarters, all of which proved effective. The practice of political alliances during the Three Kingdoms period has left valuable experiences and lessons for later generations.
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  The Philosophical Connotation and Political Utility of the Traditional Chinese Spirit of “Harmony and Integration”

  CHEN Xiangqin

  Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism. 2026, 219(1): 181-192. https://doi.org/10.3969/J.ISSN.1672-0911.2026.01.181

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  The concept of “harmony and integration” embodies the wisdom of self-fulfillment and the fulfillment of all things, which characterizes traditional Chinese ways of understanding and mastering the myriad phenomena of the universe and human society. “Harmony and integration” (often abbreviated as “harmony”), as a hallmark concept or philosophy in traditional Chinese culture, reflects the distinctive spirit of moderation or doctrine of the mean inherent in traditional Chinese thought. From the perspective of ancient Chinese philosophy and political thinking, attaining moderation results in “three” (a harmonious state that transcends mere balance); failing to attain it results in “two” (a stagnant duality of opposition). From the perspective of the traditional Chinese philosophy of harmony and integration, the practice of “applying moderation” and “achieving harmony” is thus termed “the art of three and two”. Philosophically and epistemologically, this approach manifests in a rejection of one-sided extremes, guarding against the peril of bias, and in an embrace of balancing dualities through the third, harmonizing element, thereby realizing the harmony intrinsic to the doctrine of the mean. In the realm of politics and statecraft, this idea is manifested as a traditional Chinese governance approach characterized by utilizing collective wisdom, integrating diverse groups, and benefiting all people, that is, employing diverse methods of governance without partiality and administering public affairs without regional constraints. Ultimately, it aims to pool collective wisdom, harness communal strength, and accomplish shared societal objectives.